Saturday, May 30, 2009

44.GURUSTHAVAM- by Mahakavi Kumaran Aasan


























GURUSTHAVAM
- by Mahakavi Kumaranasan

Naryanamurthe! Gurunarayana murthe!
Naryana murthe! Paramacharya : Namasthe

Aarayukilandhathwamozhichaathimahassin -
Neram vazhikattum guruvallo paradaivam
Aaradhyanathorthidukil njhangalkkavidunnaam
Narayanamurthe! Gurunarayanamurthe!

Anpaarnnavarundo paravinjhanikalundo
Vanpakevedinjullavarundoithupole
Munpayi ninachokkeyilum njhangal bhajippu
Ninpaavanapaadam Gurunarayanamurthe.

Annyarku gunam chaivathinayussuvapussum
Dhanyathwamodangathma thapassum balichaivoo
Sanyasikalilnganeyillillamiyannor
Vanyashrama melunnavarum Shreegurumurthe

Vaadangal chevikkondumathapporukal kandum
Modasthithanayangu vasippoomalapole
Vedaagamasaarangalirinjhangoruvan thaan
Bhedaathikal kaivittu jaippoo gurumurthe

Mohaakularam njhangaleyangodeyadippoo
Snehathmakamaam paasamathil kettiyizhappo
Aaha ! bahulaksham janamangethirunaama-
Vyaaharabalathaal vijayipoo gurumurthe.

Ange thiruvulloriyoranpin viniyogam
Njhangalkku shubham cherthidumeejhangade yogam
Yengum janachithnangalinakki prassarippoo
Mangaathe chiram ninpukalpol Shree gurumurthe.

ഗുരുസ്തവം

ശ്രീനാരായണഗുരുസ്വാമിയുടെ ഷഷ്ടിപൂര്‍ത്തിക്ക് എഴുതിയത്)

നാരായണമൂര്‍ത്തേ, ഗുരു നാരായണമൂര്‍ത്തേ
നാരായണമൂര്‍ത്തേ, പരമാചാര്യ നമസ്തേ


ആരായുകിലന്ധത്വമൊഴിച്ചാദിമഹസ്സിന്‍
നേരാംവഴി കാട്ടും ഗുരുവല്ലോ പരദൈവം;
ആരാദ്ധ്യനതോര്‍ത്തിടുകില്‍ ഞങ്ങള്‍ക്കവിടുന്നാം
നാരായണമൂര്‍ത്തേ, ഗുരു നാരായണമൂര്‍ത്തേ.

അമ്പാര്‍ന്നവരുണ്ടോ പരവിജ്ഞാനികളുണ്ടോ
വമ്പാകെവെടിഞ്ഞുള്ളവരുണ്ടോയിതുപോലെ
മുമ്പായി നിനച്ചൊക്കെയിലും ഞങ്ങള്‍ ഭജിപ്പൂ
നിമ്പാവനപാദം ഗുരു നാരായണമൂര്‍ത്തേ.

അന്യര്‍ക്കു ഗുണം ചെയ്‌വതിനായുസ്സു വപുസ്സും
ധന്യത്വമൊടങ്ങാത്മതപസ്സും ബലിചെയ്‌വൂ;
സന്യാസികളില്ലിങ്ങനെ യില്ലില്ലമിയന്നോര്‍
വന്യാശ്രമമേലുന്നവരും ശ്രീഗുരുമൂര്‍ത്തേ.

വാദങ്ങള്‍ ചെവിക്കൊണ്ടു മതപ്പോരുകള്‍ കണ്ടും
മോദസ്ഥിരനായങ്ങു വസിപ്പൂ മലപോലെ
വേദാഗമസാരങ്ങളറിഞ്ഞങ്ങൊരുവന്‍‌താന്‍
ഭേദാരികള്‍ കൈവിട്ടു ജയിപ്പൂ ഗുരുമൂര്‍ത്തേ.

മോഹാകുലരാം ഞങ്ങളെയങ്ങേടെയടിപ്പൂ
സ്നേഹാത്മകമാം പാശമതില്‍ കെട്ടിയിഴപ്പൂ;
ആഹാ ബഹുലക്ഷം ജനമങ്ങേത്തിരുനാമ-
വ്യാഹാരബലത്താല്‍ വിജയിപ്പൂ ഗുരുമൂര്‍ത്തേ.

അങ്ങേത്തിരുവുള്ളൂറിയൊരമ്പില്‍ വിനിയോഗം
ഞങ്ങള്‍ക്കു ശുഭം ചേര്‍ത്തിടുമീ ഞങ്ങടെ “യോഗം.”
എങ്ങും ജനചിത്തങ്ങളിണക്കി പ്രസരിപ്പൂ
മങ്ങാതെ ചിരം നിന്‍ പുകള്‍പോല്‍ ശ്രീഗുരുമൂര്‍ത്തേ.

തമ്പോലെയുറുമ്പാദിയെയും പാര്‍ത്തിടുമങ്ങേ-
ക്കമ്പോടുലകര്‍ത്ഥിപ്പൂ ചിരായുസ്സു ദയാബ്ധേ
മുമ്പോല്‍ സുഖമായ് മേന്മതൊടുന്നോര്‍ക്കരുളും കാല്‍
തുമ്പോടിനിയും വാഴ്ക ശതാബ്ദം ഗുരുമൂര്‍ത്തേ.

43.Kumaran Asan and Sree Narayana Guru





N. Kumaran Asan (1873-1924) also known as Mahakavi Kumaran Asan, (the prefix Mahakavi awarded by Madras University in the year 1922 means "great poet" and the suffix Asan meaning scholar or teacher) was one of the triumvirate poets of Kerala. He was also a philosopher and a social reformer. More than that he was one of honoured disciple of Sree Narayana Guru.

Kumaran Asan initiated a revolution in Malayalam poetry in the first quarter of the 20th century, transforming it from the metaphysical to the lyrical. Deep moral and spiritual commitment is evident in Asan's poetry. His works are an eloquent testimony of poetic concentration and dramatic contextualization.

Asan was born in a merchant family belonging to the Ezhava community in April 1873 in Kayikkara village, Chirayinkeezhu taluk, north of Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala, south India. Named Kumaru He was the second son in a family of nine children. His father, Narayanan Perungudi, was well versed in Malayalam and Tamil. Asan inherited his taste for Kathakali and classical music. Kumaru trained in mathematics and Sanskrit for which he had a passion. Even though through his father's efforts, he got a job as a primary school teacher and an accountant to a wholesaler at the age of 14, he quit the job two years later to pursue higher studies in Sanskrit. He undertook a studentship in poetry under Manamboor Govindan Asan. He wished to learn Yoga and Tantra and worked as an apprentice in a Muruga temple at Vakkom. It is said that the Muse of Poetry blessed him during this time. He composed a few devotional songs for the benefit of regular worshippers at this temple. In 1917 Asan married Bhanumathi Amma of Tharkauduyil family to which belonged Rao Bahadur Belayudhan and Dr.P.Palpu, prominent members of the community. Kumaran Asan had two sons
Kumaran was dogged by ill-health all through his early life. When he was eighteen, Sree Narayana Guru visited his house at the request of his father. Kumaran was bedridden at that time. The great saint suggested that Kumaran should stay with him and become his disciple. The little boy found the invitation irresistible. Thus began a new phase of life for the young lad.

Kumaran’s meeting with Sree Narayana Guru can be compared to the meeting of Naren with Sri Ramakrishna. While Naren became a full fledged Swami, Kumaran continued as a lay disciple of Narayana Guru and made substantial contributions in the fields of poetry, literature and social renaissance.

Swamy took the fledgling devotee under his care and in 1895 Kumaran was sent to Bangalore for 3 years for higher studies in Sanskrit, at the Sree Chamarajendra Sanskrit College. He specialized in Tarka sastra. He could not take the final exam. Leaving Bangalore he came to Madras and after a brief stay, left for Calcutta to join the Sanskrit College. His teacher was Mahamahopadhyaya Kamakhya Nath who encouraged the poetic gift of his student and prophesised that he would one day become a famous poet.
Gurudev's aim was to create an organization which would bring together people who wanted to be such good men. Such an organization was open to all regardless of caste or religion. In Gurudev's vision. Such an organization, open to all, would ridicule the caste differences, blunt the harshness of class conflict and gradually demolish the caste barriers. It was with the aim of fostering an awareness and unity and to spread the ideals that Gurudev decided to launch Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam. Thus was established SNDP with Gurudev's blessings. The Yogam came into being on January 7, 1903 ( 1078). Kumaran Ashan was the Yogam's first General Secretary.

Some of the earlier works of the poet were Subramanya Sathakam and Sankara Sathakam, wherein Asan voiced his devotional aspirations. His short poem Veena Poovu (fallen flower) is a literary classic. It paved the way for a new movement in Malayalam literature. His elegy Prarodanam mourns the death of his contemporary and friend A. R. Rajaraja Varma, the famous grammarian. His Khanda Kavyas (poems) like Nalini, Leela, Karuna and Chandaalabhikshuki won critical acclaim as well as popularity. In Chintaavishtayaaya Seetha (Seetha Lost in Thought) he displays his poetic artistry, while in Duravastha, he patiently and skillfully tears down the barriers created by feudalism, orthodoxy and casteism and consummates the dictum of the Guru, “One Caste, One Religion, One God for man”.

He wrote the epic poem Buddha Charitha for which he got inspiration from Edwin Arnold’s Light of Asia. While in Duravastha, he revealed his revolutionary zeal for fighting caste distinctions; a few other poetic works had a distinct Hindu/Buddhist slant.

He also wrote "The Meditations of Sita".(Chinthavishtyaya sita)

The Mahakavi lived for fifty years. His life was tragically cut short by a boat accident in January 1924 while travelling from Kollam to Alappuzha to attend a function as the chief guest. The boat capsized at Pallana. But the trail he blazed in the literary and social firmament of Kerala is an inspiration for any student of contemporary history.

A video on Mahakavi Kumaran Asan

Thursday, May 28, 2009

42.PRAPANCHA SRISTI



CREATION


PRAPANCHA SRISTI
(Creation)

First published in No.3 Vol.1, of the Smrti Kusumanjali Monthly run by R.Raman Unnithan from Quilon, in the year 1911.Nakkutakam is the metre in which this Malayalam work is composed.






1

An extremely dear perceiving -eye is there
That never becomes scattered
As do the ears and the like.
Indistinct it remains, perceptible
Only to a reversed perspective, and it,
By remaining so, perceives everything here.
Into that invaluable eye merges
All that is here, their countability lost.
Its being fills and overflows
All that has come into being here.
Find out that eye and perceive
Its sporting in everything here,
And become blessed, O the mind inside.

2

The inside mind and the outside body,
The sense and the inner mind-
Transcending all such dualities rises up
The primordial Consciousness,
Conscious of all such dualities.
From It, causal to both day and night,
There emanate and shine
The beings existing all around.
Let us become merged only in that
Undeceitful, all- pervading Greatness
And experience Its blessedness!

3

Blessedness is It in which arise
The darkness-waves, causing
The splintering off of that, which resounds,
Of that which feels coolness,
Of the eye that sees forms,
Of the tongue (that feels taste) , and
That which becomes awake to smells.
Remaining in this darkness
Even half a second,
Means the sufferings’ ocean becoming full.
How can we remain interested in it, O Siva?

4

O Siva, O the Most Auspicious One,
You become splintered into
Various external forms in no time,
And you blessingly remain in
All of them as their substance,
Well aware of what is proper to each.
O Siva, capable of scattering
Yourself in all directions,
Even you, the Bhagavan,
Is the dynamic being of these.
Please do not let us go fighting them,
O the abode of kindness never changing.

5

Changeful is everything here,
A more illusory drama-like appearance
My aspiration is for attaining
And remaining in this state of wisdom
And the resultant self-absorption
In you; please be mindful!
The powerful waves (of Ganga)
That emerge from your head
Invincibly assume the form of everything,
Substance- wise fill their being,
And eventually become reabsorbed.
O the Foe of Eros of the flower-dart,
When shall I attain your feet?

6

Your feet I should attain
Without straying any more
And aiming at this, this humble being
Offers daily at your feet
His own mind as an altar-flower
Bowing his head and you are
Well aware of it as well.
Having been born as one
Among the many entities
Referable as many ‘this’-es,
I feel helpless and forlorn
Running after the many.
I do not find a misery
Worse than this

7

This misery occurred to you, O mind,
Because of your folly of
Becoming familiar with and attached to
All that is worldly here.
Beware of it!
If you meditatively mutter the holy name
With your own body for rosary,
Then occurs your attaining of freedom
And the experiencing of harmonious beatitude.
The lone aim of yours should be that

8

‘That’ and ‘this’ becoming
The attainable goal,
Results in the all-underlying
Pati unrolling Himself as
Pasu and pasa in succession.
Realizing that the moon,
The bright - rayed sun,
The earth, fire and space,
Air and water - all are but
Assumed forms of the one pati,
I wish to worship His feet with adoration.

9

All this here, is adorable mystery
Conjured up by a mere gaze
Of your laudable eyes
Like the emerging of numerous
Ornament forms
Form one gold - substance.
Please favour me to
Adorn your holy feet
With this humble one (me)
For a simple flower,
O the ocean that rises up waveless
And expands in endless rows.

10

Rows of waves, resembling,
Everything here emerges intermixed,
And thereafter lose their identity
Again in the total being.
Then the various inter-relations
Between them (waves) also disappear.
Squabbles shooting up as between
‘Pot’ and ‘shirt’ occurs to this pot (me) .
To let this pot crumble down,
Please bless me with the revelation
Of what is the real within.

Narayana Guru


Prapancha Srishti പ്രപഞ്ചസൃഷ്ടി (ശിവസ്തവം)

ചെവി മുതലഞ്ചുമിങ്ങു ചിതറാതെ മയങ്ങിമറി-
ഞ്ഞവിടെയിരുന്നു കണ്ടറിയ്യ കണ്ണിലണഞ്ഞഴിയും
ഇവകളിലെങ്ങുമെണ്ണവുമടങ്ങി നിറഞ്ഞു പുറം
കവിയുമതേതതിന്റെ കളി കണ്ടരുളീടകമേ! 1

അകമുടലിന്നുമിന്ദ്രിയമൊടുള്ളമഴിഞ്ഞെഴിമീ-
പ്പകലിരവിന്നുമാദിയിലിരുന്നറിയുന്നറിവാം
നകയിലിതൊക്കെയും ചുഴലവും തെളിയുന്ന നമു-
ക്കകുടിലവൈഭവങ്ങളിലടങ്ങിയിരുന്നരുളാം. 2

അരുളിലണഞ്ഞിരുള്ത്തിങര മുഴങ്ങിയെഴുന്ന കുളു‍ര്‍-
ന്നുരുമിഴി നാവിലമ്മണമുണര്‍ന്ന തൊടും പിരിയും
അരനിമിഷത്തിലിങ്ങിതിലിരുന്നു തികഞ്ഞവരും
ദുരിതസമുദ്രമിമ്പതിലെങ്ങു നമുക്കു ശിവ? 3

ശിവ ! ശിവ ! മാത്രയില്‍ പലതരം ചിതറുന്നു വെളി-
ക്കിവകളിലെങ്ങുമിങ്ങിതമറിഞ്ഞു നിറഞ്ഞരുളും-
ശിവ ! ഭഗവാനെയും ചിതരുമാറു തികഞ്ഞു വരു –
ന്നിവരൊടു പോരിനിന്നിയരുതേ കരുണാലയമേ! 4

അലയുമിതൊക്കെയും കപടനാടകമെന്നറിയും-
നിലയിലിരുന്നറിഞ്ഞഴിവതിന്നു നിനയ്ക്കു ക നീ;
തലയിലെഴും തരങ്ഗ്നിര തള്ളി നിറഞ്ഞുമറ-
ഞ്ഞലര്‍ശരവൈരി, നിന്നുടെ പദങ്ങളിലെങ്ങിനിയാം? 5

ഇനിയലയാതെ നിന്തിരുവടിക്കടിയന്‍ ദിനവും
മനമലരിട്ടു കുമ്പിടുമിതിങ്ങറിയുന്നതു നീ;
ജനനമെടുത്തുഞാനിതുകളില്‍ പലതായി വല-
ഞ്ഞനിശമെനിക്കിവണ്ണമൊരു വേദനയില്ല പരം. 6

അപരമിതൊക്കെയും പരിചയിക്കുമതിങ്കിലിരു-
ന്നപജയമാണഞ്ഞതിതു കണ്ടറി നീ മനമേ !
ജപപടമങ്ഗണമാമിതിലിരുന്നു ജപിക്കുകിലി-
ങ്ങുപരതി വന്നുചേരുമകതരിലൊരിമ്പമതാം. 7

അതുമിതുമെന്നുമുന്നുക നിമിത്തമിതിങ്കലെഴും-
പതി പശു പാശമിങ്ങിതു പരമ്പരയായഴിയും
മതി കതിരോടു മണ്ണൊളി നിയത്തനിലന്‍ ജലവും
പതിയുടെ രുപമെന്നിഹ നമിച്ചുപദം പണിയാം. 8

പണിപലതായ് വരുന്ന കനകത്തിലിരുന്നതുപോ-
ലണിമിഴികൊണ്ടു നിര്‍മ്മിതതമിതൊക്കെയുമദ്ഭു തമാം
അണിയണമെന്നെ നിന്തിരുവടിക്കടിയന്മതലരാ-
മണിയണിയായ് നിരന്നു തിരയറ്റുയരും കടലേ! 9

കടലിലെഴും തരങ്ഗ്നിരപോലെ കലങ്ങിവരു-
ന്നിടനുതനുള്ളഴിഞ്ഞു പല പറ്റൊഴിയുന്നതുപോല്‍
ഘടപടമെന്നെടുത്തിഹ തൊടുത്തു വഴക്കിടുമീ
കുടമുടയുന്നതിന്നകമെടുത്തരുളീടണമേ! 10

41.CIJJADA CINTANAM

Reflections on Mind and Matter


CIJJADA CINTANAM
(Reflections on Mind and Matter)

Revealing the ecstatic experience of a realized soul, this work was written around 1881. Todakam is the metre of its original in Malayalam.

1
Ten million suns rising all at once
Eclipsing earth, water, fire and all else-
Such is thy ascendant presence;
Effulgent it ever should be.

2
Be it askance, give but a glance
From the corner of your two eyes,
O Uma’s spouse, and just by that
Win over matter
Which has no room to exist
In anything that seems to have being.

3
The being of the earth, fire,
The evenly flowing water,
As also air and space- in all these
Let me not wander about;
Instead, favour me which attaining
Union with your holy feet.
That state, for us, is quite sufficient.

4
Suffice it to say, beginning with mind,
All the five such as smell
That we become wakeful of
And upto the final grace-
All these together form
The domain of mind-stuff(cit) .
From the earth to utter darkness,
Alas extends the world of matter (Jada) .
The fusion of these two
Comprises everything.

5
Everyone holds the same doctrine;
“Effortlessly accomplished is this, ”
So said the sage Suka and others too.
The many find expression
Easily in ceaseless series.
Such is the maya mystery
Of the Lord, Ah, how great!

6
Great, lowly and the middling too,
Arising as all these are you.
O the Consciousness- space
Rising up like waveless ocean,
Save me from sinking
Into this maya dross
Making mind tempted and deluded
And all its balance lost,
Yet re-emerging at times,
Let me not thus drift about,
By granting thy Grace.

7
O Grace, O darkness that surrounds
Your own sacred form,
O effulgence, O space in between,
O the open space,
O core, O what within
The core as treasure dwells,
O the famed triple-city-burner!

8
Burning fire held aloft,
Your form seemingly descends
To the city named Chidambaram
And reigning in that mental space (Chidambaram)
You burn down the three cities,
What a marvel ever fresh!

9
O fresh mango fruit, O new nectar,
O confection sweet, O honey,
O luscious fruit, O rich juice,
O master mine ever sought
By Brahma, Vishnu and the like.
Yours lotus feet alone
Are my final refuge!

10
Refuge you alone are
For this humble supplicant,
O the one, Consciousness in essence,
Who took out the elephant’s skin
And donned it as fine cloth.
Kindly clear away
The kind of darkness
That is always treacherous
And grant this servant
Your own real Grace!

Translated by Muni Narayana Prasad
Narayana Gurukula Varkala India


Chijjada Chintanam ചിജ്ജഡ ചിന്തനം - Sri Narayana Guru

ഒരുകോടി ദിവാകരരൊത്തുയരും-
പടി പാരൊടുനീരനലാദികളും
കെടുമാറു കിളര്‍ന്നുകവരുന്നൊരു നി‍ന്‍-
വടിവെന്നുമിരുന്നു വിളങ്ങിടണം. 1

ഇടണേയിരുകണ്മുനനയെന്നിലതി-
ന്നടിയന്നഭിലാഷമുമാപതിയേ!
ജഡമിന്നിതുകൊണ്ടു ജയിക്കുമിതി-
ന്നിടയില്ലയിരിപ്പതിലൊന്നിലുമേ. 2

നിലമോടു നെരുപ്പുനിരന്നൊഴുകും
ജലമാശുഗനംബരമഞ്ചിലുമേ
അലയാതെയടിക്കടി ന‍ല്‍കുക നി‍ന്‍-
നിലയിന്നിതുതന്നെ നമുക്കു മതി. 3

മതിതൊട്ടു മണംമുതലഞ്ചുമുണര്‍-
ന്നരുളോളവുമുള്ളതു ചിന്മയമാം
ക്ഷിതിതൊട്ടിരുളോളമഹോ! ജഡമാ –
മിതുരണ്ടിലുമായമരുന്നഖിലം. 4

അഖിലര്‍ക്കുമതിങ്ങനെതന്നെ മതം
സുഖസാദ്ധ്യമിതെന്നു ശുകാദികളും
പകരുന്നു പരമ്പരയായ് പലതും
ഭഗവാനുടെ മായയഹോ! വലുതേ. 5

വലുതും ചെറുതും നടുമദ്ധ്യവുമാ-
യലയറ്റുയരുന്ന ചിദംബരമേ !
മലമായയിലാണു മയങ്ങി മനം
നിലവിട്ടു നിവര്‍ന്നലയാതരുളേ. 6

അരുളേ തിരുമേനിയണഞ്ഞിടുമീ-
യിരുളേ, വെളിയേ, യിടയേ, പൊതുവേ !
കരളേ, കരളിങ്കിലിരിക്കുമരും –
പൊരുളേ, പുരിമൂന്നുമെരിച്ചവനേ ! 7

എരികയ്യതിലേന്തിയിറങ്ങിവരും
തിരുമേനി ചിദംബരമെന്നരുളും
പൂരിതന്നിലിരുന്നു പുരംപൊരിചെ-
യ്തരുളുന്നതുതന്നെയൊരദ്ഭുതമാം. 8

പുതുമാംകനി പുത്തമൃതേ, ഗുളമേ,
മധുവേ, മധുരക്കനിയേ, രസമേ,
വിധിമാധവരാദി തിരഞ്ഞടുമെന്‍
പതിയെ, പദപങ്കജമേ ഗതിയേ. 9

ഗതി നീയടിയന്നു ഗജത്തെയുരി-
ച്ചതുകൊണ്ടുടചാ‍ര്‍ത്തിയ ചിന്മയമേ,
ചതിചെയ്യുമിരുട്ടൊരുജാതി വിടു-
ന്നതിനിന്നടിയന്നരുളേകണമേ. 10

40. VAIRAGYA DASAKAM

On Aversion for Lustful Passion


MANANATITAM Or VAIRAGYA DASAKAM

(Ten Verses on That Which Transcends Mind)
Or
(On Aversion for Lustful Passion)

This must have been written while Guru was undergoing sever penance at Aruvippuram. Nataraja Guru deemed its date to be around 1884-87. It is composed in a metre unnamed in Sanskrit prosody, and is in the Malayalam language.


1

By mingling with dark-haired damsels
And becoming lost the pleasure it gives,
This humble one, completely upset,
Wanders aimlessly and confusedly,
Alienated from your tender, loving feet.
Why should this straw-like insignificant one,
Oblivious of the Great Lord who is
Adorned with the great river,
Remain here alive any longer?

2

The only cure for this illness
Is your holy name and holy ashes.
In this world it is proffered
Gracefully by your holy feet
Attended upon always by
Numerous goodnesses.
I take refuge in those holy feet,
Begging for the cure
As a means to put an end to
All my worldly thoughts
And also not to forget
The only cure available.

3

Is this humble one capable
Of fighting those damsels
Who take the lead,
Daringly engage with
Whomever they come across
And fight shy of none?
Please take me and bless me
By seating me by your side.
Why should I wander aimlessly here
Forgetful of the tender
And golden feet of yours?

4

Holding up the swaying
Heavy breasts and beckoning heads
With an agitated-ocean-like
Stirred-up-disposition, adorned with
Beautiful flitting eyes,
They walk around sportively
Causing obstructions in the path
Trapped along with them
In the hovel
Full of flowing filth,
We are in distress.

5

Eros the hunter
Casts his encircling net.
The mind-bird, having lost
What it really is within,
Becomes trapped in it
And worries in distress.
Flitting eyes, with curled hair
For accomplice, is where
This net gets formed
And becomes full-grown.
Why should one become
Caught in it and reel in anguish?

6

This humble one even now
Has the knowledge that
Those who wander around aimlessly,
When approaching you by chance,
You come forward and
Do possess them.
Undistracted by those who
Are unguided vagrants,
I totally surrender here and now
And prostrate myself
With my mind melting,
At your twin feet.

7

Lovingly approaching with
The two protruding breasts
Alluringly wobbling,
They eat up one’s vitality.
Fear for these deadly bumps of flesh
Is on the increase in me.
I will not even dream of
Becoming friendly with
These insects that seek out
And enjoy playing with the five
Tempting objects such as fragrance.

8

What I look for is
Befriending you and being
In union with your Grace.
Why should I let these
Worthless and immodest women
Vex me to become lost?
Rooting out the intense madness
That embraces entwiningly
As well as exterminating the zest
For fragrance-like sensual joys,
Is what I am crying for now.

9

By flitting her eyes in flirt
With twinkling appearance and disappearance
Of off-and-on-glances,
A mischievous beauty may
Approach to make me submissive
In coquettish confrontation
And directly display leading gestures.
My intention is to condemn it
Whensoever it happens.
In order to gain this goal
I did write these lines
Offering them at your holy feet!

10

Let me in no way go
Following flitting-eyed beauties.
(Instead) hold me in your golden
Tender-leaf-like palms,
Put an end to all my drowsy
Indiscriminateness in this world
And cuddle me close to you
Jewel-like body
Please do not send me along!
Please do not send me along!
O the mighty foe of Eros!

Translated by Muni Narayana Prasad


Mananaateeatm മനനാതീതം / വൈരാഗ്യദശകം

കരുങ്കുഴലിമാരൊടുകലന്നുരുകിയപ്പു-
ങ്കുരുന്നടിപിരിഞ്ഞടിയനിങ്ങു കുഴയുന്നു
പെരുംകരുണയാറണിയുമയ്യനെ മറന്നി-
ത്തുരുമ്പനിനിയെന്തിനുയിരോടു മരുവുന്നു? 1

മരുന്നു തിരുനാമമണിനീറൊടിതു മന്നില്‍
തരുന്നു പല നന്മതടവീടുമടി രണ്ടും
വരുന്ന പല ചിന്തകളറുന്നതിനുപായാ-
ലിരന്നിതു മറന്നു കളയായ്‌വതിനടുത്തേ‍ന്‍ 2

അടുത്തവരൊടൊക്കെയുമെതിര്‍ത്തുപൊരുതീടും
പടത്തലവിമാരൊടു പടയ്ക്കടിയനാളോ?
എടുത്തരികിരുത്തിയരുളേണമിനിയും പൊ-
ന്നടിത്തളിര്‍മറന്നിവിടെയെന്തിനലയുന്നു? 3

അലഞ്ഞു മുലയുംതലയുമേന്തിയകതാരില്‍
കലങ്ങിയെഴുമാഴിയുമഴിഞ്ഞരിയകണ്ണും
വിളങ്ങിവിളയാടിനടകൊള്ളുമിവരോടി-
മ്മലങ്ങളൊഴുകും കുടിലിലാണു വലയുന്നു. 4

വളഞ്ഞു വലകെട്ടിമദനപ്പുലയനുള്ളും-
കളഞ്ഞതിലകപ്പറവ വീണു വലയുന്നു
വളഞ്ഞ കുഴലോടുമുലയുന്ന മിഴിയിന്നും
വിളഞ്ഞതതിലെന്തിനു കിടന്നു ചുഴലുന്നു? 5

ചുഴന്നുവരുമാളുകളെയൊക്കെ വിലകൊണ്ടി-
ങ്ങെഴുന്നണയുമെന്നൊരറിവുണ്ടടിയനിന്നും
ഉഴന്നവരിലുള്ളമലയാതിവിടെയൊന്നായ്-
ത്തൊഴുന്നു തുയരോടിവിടെ നിന്നടിയിണയ്ക്കായ്. 6

ഇണങ്ങിയിരുകൊങ്കയുമിളക്കിയുയിരുണ്ണും-
പിണങ്ങളൊടു പേടി പെരുതായി വിളയുന്നു
മണം മുതലൊരഞ്ചിലുമണഞ്ഞു വിളയാടും-
പിണങ്ങളൊടു ഞാനൊരു കിനാവിലുമിണങ്ങാ! 7

’ഇണ’ങ്ങണമെനിക്കുരുളിലെന്തിനു കിടന്നീ
ഗുണങ്ങളൊഴിയും കുലടമാരൊടലയുന്നു
പിണഞ്ഞു പുണരും പെരിയപേയടിയോടെ പോയ് 8
മണങ്ങളുമറുന്നതിനിതാ മുറയിടുന്നു.

മുറയ്ക്കു മുറ മിന്നിമറയും മിഴിയിളക്കി-
ത്തെറിക്കുമൊരു പെണ്കൊടി ചെറുത്തടിയിലാക്കി 9
മറുത്തുവിളയാടി മരുവുന്നിടയിലെല്ലാം
വെറുത്തുവരുവാനെഴുതി നിന്തിരുവടിക്കായ്.

അയയ്ക്കരുതിനിച്ചടുലലോചനയൊടപ്പൊ‍ന്‍-
ശയത്തളിരിലേന്തിയടിയോടവനിയിന്മേല്‍
മയക്കവുമറുത്തു മണിമേനിയിലണച്ചീ-
ടയയ്ക്കരുതയയ്ക്കുരുതനംഗരിപുവേ! നീ. 10

Wednesday, May 27, 2009

39. Darsanamala- comments by Nataraja guru


The DARSANA-MALA (Garland of Visions of the Absolute), of ten sections or Darsanas of ten verses each, is perhaps the major work of the Guru Narayana and is meant to present, in one symmetrically conceived whole, all possible visions of the Absolute.
The brief Introduction and Commentary which appear below were written by Nataraja Guru and were originally published in "Values" magazine,

INTRODUCTION

Most people know that the Indian philosophical schools of thought are only six in number. There is the Nyaya-Vaisesika pair, with a common methodology and epistemology between them, one complementary to the other in a very subtle way. Then there is the couple called Samkhya-Yoga, which again form a pair with a more subtle penetration into the structure of the Absolute as seen from the sides of both the fully Absolute and the relatively Absolute; the Samkhya, as its name signifies, specialising in numbering the categories, and the Yoga, its complementary counter- -part, specialising in the aspects of personal discipline in a manner in keeping with the dualism as recognized between the two schools.



The last two systems form not merely a pair, but may be called, as they have been by those who know, twin schools - the Purva- Mimamsa of Jaimini and the Uttara-Mimamsa attributed to Badarayana (sometimes also called Vyasa). These twin schools or systems of philosophy are so closely related that they become inseparable in the sense that one presupposes the other. Jaimini and Badarayana quote each other and the Karma- or Dharma-Mimamsa, as the anterior exegetic critique might be called, pertaining to the ritualistic and Vedic background, and the Brahma-Mimamsa, the posterior critique can be called, have much in common, like twins who might resemble the twilight hours of the morning and evening. The name Sariraka Mimasa, sometimes seen applied to the latter, seems to indicate that while the former refers to action in the context of the Absolute, this latter comes near to envisaging more globally the same situation, not as the field of ritual action but as referring to the very body or Self of the agent of all action in the same context of the Absolute.



A common epistemological and methodological thread must run through the six Darsanas or systems, although individually they are still perfect gems of thought-systems. Although each gem has to be cut and adjusted to fit into one integral necklace or garland, actually they are found to have been ground too much on one side or left crude on the other. The very fact that even at present they have been treated in pairs to make any complete natural system of philosophy, is sufficient to show the lop-sided nature of each of the gems taken separately.
If they are to make one necklace under the aegis of the Absolute, which is the norm for all philosophy, a revaluation and arrangement in graded order will be needed. What the expert jeweller , therefore, will do to the collection of precious gems of thought that he has inherited will be first to polish each gem and then to string them together so as to make them accord with an integrated Science of the Absolute.
Each jewel is a value to be conceived with an inner symmetry of structure and as comprising a unitive or global whole. The beauty of the necklace would depend on such correctness of grinding of even the smallest of its facets, so as to require, by analogy, on the part of the maker of the garland of the visions the minutest of attention to detail and workmanship in respecting the slightest shades or angles of view possible in making each gem conform structurally within itself to the requirements of a complete garland of visions representative of all philosophical points of view possible anywhere in the world at any time for anyone. This would demand an over-all normative notion of the Absolute as a reference for each of the Darsanas which make up the series, as also a graduation as between each vision, so that when the garland reaches its end it would be capable of being linked naturally and normally with where it began.



Sankara called his work on the Vedantic Absolute the Viveka-Chudamani (the Crest-Jewel of Discriminative Wisdom). Narayana Guru continues the same tradition after him, and thinks of not one ornament for the head, but of a whole garland in which no vision of any religious or philosophical school would be neglected or left out. Each would be kept in mind by him as the architect of the total integrated edifice. Thus would be commemorated the dignity and wisdom possible for humanity, from which alone should be derived the legitimate ornament to enhance his human quality as homo sapiens.
The garland further represents, in the symbolic gesture- language of India , the whole of one's precious wealth: it is implied as when a bride gives herself to the bridegroom at the time of marriage. It represents the Sarvasvam (total good) that one surrenders to God or the Absolute or submits to Humanity itself, in an extended sense of the analogy.



The garland is thus meant to enhance human dignity to the highest possible point, as when one man wearing a garland like another would find points of agreement and not difference between them, thus promoting the cause of human solidarity and fellow feeling through a common ideology. Cold or hot wars which "begin in the minds of men", as the United Nations Charter states, consist of the same stuff out of which comes what is currently referred to as "ideological warfare" in the journals of our days. By the integrated, unitive and scientific understanding implied in the garland of visions here presented to the world by a wise Guru, such seeds of war would tend to be neutralised, while the natural man of total understanding could be regained and re-established through the teaching of such a philosophy in the universities and academies of the future.



What science seeks is a really a certain degree or kind of certitude arrived at by proper methods, conforming to an epistemology and having a workable, useful or direct significance in human life, in understanding or conduct. There are two kinds of certitudes, which can be called apodictic and dialectic.
The former is in the domain of the probable, while the latter is in the domain of the possible and the intentional (which is not necessarily that of the visible or actual). The final instance of dialectical certitude is the axiom itself, such as A = A , which requires no proof. Between the two certitudes there is a dichotomy or bipolarity which expresses itself in terms of ambivalence or antinomian principles in various branches of knowledge. The synergisms in physiology represent the same polarity in the physiological sense. The psyche, the libido and the Self, too, present psycho-dynamically the same alternation of phases resembling the systole and diastole of the heart-beat. One complete cycle of thought has its inductive and deductive phases, as also its systole and diastole. One hears too of the "sex-diastole" which has a similar alternating figure- eight rhythmic process, resembling quantum mechanics and the mutations which occur in plant-life where certain stages are jumped or alternate with others.
The structural details within the notion of the Absolute present paradoxical enigmas to the novice in the Science of the Absolute. One has to be a well-practised dialectician and absolutist to see the difference between the vertical and the horizontal (i.e. unitive and multiple, perennial and transient, etc.) aspects which refer to the Ksetrajna (perceptual) and Ksetra (actual) aspects of the Absolute in the language of the Bhagavad Gita. In distinguishing these twin but intersecting axes of reference, the whole of wisdom itself finally becomes comprised, as stated in the Bhagavad Gita (XIII, 2).
When this epistemological secret has been understood in all its bearings and applications in science or philosophy, a man becomes able to see clearly through mazes of percepts and concepts. He can then organize them into ramified hierarchies representing values ranging from the actual to the nominal, with the perceptual and the conceptual fitted between these extremes. The structure of the series of visions in Narayana Guru's Darsana Mala conforms broadly to the scheme that we have just referred to in passing. Experimental proof of the empirical sciences corresponds to the Pratyaksha of the Indian Tarka or Nyaya school, and complete a-priorism corresponds to the Sabda Pramana of the Vedantins. Possibilities and probabilities belong to the Arthapatti and the Anumana respectively of the Samkhya and other schools. Anupalabdhi is impossibility, where probability is ruled out completely. All these ways of reasoning have between them a reciprocal or complementary nature. When the subtlest kind of certitude is involved, as in the case of the notion of the Absolute which has to be defined, one employs analogy and hypothetical predication to be verified later on direct experience of the Absolute. This is the method of Upamiti (hypothetical analogy), which is the highest instrument of all. What in the West is known as the "method of agreement and difference" is the Anvaya-vyatireka method of Vedanta, which is of great use when the final stage of speculation about the nature of the Absolute is in question.
Thus the fully scientific status of the verses of the Darsana Mala does not present a problem at all to those who are conversant with dialectical and absolutist methodology, epistemo- -logy and the scale of values leading to the highest value in the Self as the Absolute. Certitude resides neither in the subject or the object, but in the neutral or central Absolute which is the norm for all thought.
COMMENTARY

CHAPTER I.

This is essentially a realistic and theological chapter. If the world is treated as real, then one has to find a source for it somewhere, whether in a maker or a final cause. Usually, Sankara's Vedanta treats the world as Maya, and whatever reality it has in practical life belongs to the order of the Vyavaharika rather than to that of the Paramarthika, which refers to reality in its fullest sense. Here in the Darsana Mala we have a chapter called Adhyaropa which is one of "supposition for argument's sake". Suppose the world is real, as the majority of ordinary men and women take it to be in life? There must be a vision corresponding to such a natural position.
To brush aside such an ordinary man's position in respect of ordinary natural philosophical problems would be to slight all common men who have doubts. A seemingly theological answer is given here for such a man in the street, but, on careful and closer examination of the contents, one finds that the Guru does not deviate one bit from the strictly Vedantically valid position here; not even when compared to doctrines of the Vedanta Sutras themselves, which begin by stating: "Janmadyasya Yatah": "By which the visible world is traced back to Brahman".(Sutra 2). The justification for this is a long one to explain, but it will suffice to note here that when it is said that the world is the Sankalpa (willed presentiment) of Parameswara ( the Great Lord) and that its status is the same as that of a dream, as the very first verse of this chapter lays down, the position strictly conforming to Vedanta is not violated at all. But instead of referring to the Ajata (uncreated) and Vivarta (presentiment) theories commonly accepted by Advaita Vedantins, the Guru here is able to reconcile a theological God with a philosophical Absolute. In doing so, he bridges the gap which has been the source of much wasted polemics between Sankara, Ramanuja and Madhva.
CHAPTER II.

This chapter has its accent slightly shifted epistemologically and subjectively from the objective empirical to the mental or rational sphere. It is, however, to be noted that the gross and subtle aspects, one more mental than the other, receive equal emphasis here, instead of one being abandoned in favour of the other. There is an equation of cause and effect, the latter visible and the former intelligible. By cancellation of these two factors, one against the other, the neutral Absolute remains still the "subject matter" as well as the "object matter" of this vision. It thus resembles the Neutral Monism of Russell and James.

CHAPTER III.

This chapter will be seen to be more epistemologically idealist than realist. The blue of the sky is neither "in us" nor " out there", but is a subjective awareness in a more accentuated sense than in the previous vision. The perceptual and the actual are here cancelled out in the Absolute, which can contain them both without contradiction. By the time we reach the last verse of this chapter, all duality between the universal and the specific will have been abolished in favour of a unitive view.

CHAPTER IV.

Here we enter a deeper epistemological ground in which, beginning from Vidya (knowledge) and its counterpart Avidya (nescience), all epistemological pairs or factors that enter into the negative side of the Absolute as the Maya-principle, which is the over-all category of all possible error in respect of the Absolute, are passed under review, to show how they fall short yet of full- - fledged reality. The epistemological position of Maya, admitting and transcending contradiction, is a subtle one. From Pure Reason to Nature spreads the amplitude of this vision coming under Maya.

CHAPTER V.

As the last verse of this chapter occupies the central position in the whole work, this chapter is so conceived in epistemological gradation that it studies the neutral Absolute in terms of consciousness alone. The perfect neutrality of the Absolute, where the conceptual and the perceptual abolish each other into the glory of the Absolute, as contained in such Vedantic dicta as Aum Tat Sat (Aum, That Exists) etc., is here marked; and we can say that, like a pendant that might hang in a necklace of gems strung together from its most central gem, the Mahavakya or Great Saying is seen subtly indicated in its most suitable context at the end of the 50th verse of the whole work, at the end of this chapter. The reader or keen student has himself to fit all such detailed implications into the text wherever they are warranted.

CHAPTER VI.

Here we have already passed the centre of gravity, as it were, of this work. Karma (action or work) is generally considered outside the scope of Vedanta, which is called the Jnana-Kanda (wisdom section); but as Karma-Yoga it appears in the Bhagavad Gita and is to be treated as being on a par with wisdom when done passionlessly as an offering to the Absolute, as a necessary aspect of life only, and non-obligatorily in the social sense. Done in such a free spirit, and in a rationally or dialectically revalued form, it becomes a help rather than a hindrance to emancipation. When done for its own sake, without any duality of ends and means entering into it, and with vertical aspects alone accentuated and the horizontal aspects eliminated, it can be part and parcel of the wisdom-discipline of Advaita Vedanta proper. Like the "unmoved mover" and the "pure act" in the philosophy of Aristotle , there is a dialectically balanced way of engaging in works, without prejudice to one's progress in the path of wisdom. Detachment is referred to in Verse 5, and what takes place within body limits, as also such acts as seeing, which is a kind of interaction between the seer and the seen, the Self and the non- Self, have all to be cancelled out against their dialectical counterparts, and the neutral Absolute arrived at under this Darsana.

CHAPTER VII.

Knowledge being the central subject here, one might inquire if this had not been covered in Chapter V. There it was passive awareness that was examined. Here, on the other hand, coming after action of the previous chapter, it is positive thinking and its results that are treated as knowledge. The duality of subject and object comes out again into evidence as a methodological and epistemological necessity for the discussion to complete its round. The various kinds of ratiocination and logical inferences, and the use of analogies, inductively, inferentially or hypothetically, are all covered in an order of the Guru's own. The absolute knowledge mentioned in Verse 10 of this Darsana may be compared with that of the corresponding verse in Chapter V, so as to bring out into full relief the differences in the epistemological status of this chapter, which could be said to be more positive, while the fifth chapter was a neutral view of the same subject as the content, rather than the object, of consciousness.

CHAPTER VIII.

Devotion being the subject of this chapter, a close scrutiny of the verses will reveal that the only distinguishing feature of devotion as against of knowledge in the previous chapter is that an element of joy is introduced here, which will be noticed to become further accentuated in the two remaining Darsanas. Joy, bliss or communion with the Absolute has various grades or degrees before it becomes perfected into identity with the Absolute, which would mark the term of progress in contemplative life. It is the Self that the Self contemplates with joy, and not any deity or godhead before whose idol it is usual to associate a typical man of Bhakti dancing or singing with cymbal or drumbeats in India. Both Sankara and Narayana Guru here elevate Bhakti to a fully contemplative status, dis- -countenancing mere popular effusions in its name

CHAPTER IX.

The title here refers to the most publicized and misunderstood of all topics in Indian spirituality, namely, Yoga.
Yoga means union of two aspects of the same Self, as if happening within consciousness itself. And further, this union has to be conceived under two distinct heads as happening between the horizontally dual aspects, and as taking place between the lower and higher selves vertically. This delicate distinction has not been brought out by Patanjali in his Yoga-Sutras. The four different definitions of Yoga found in the Bhagavad Gita too, although elaborate in their own way, leave out this delicate matter where the union is both Samyoga (contiguous association) and Sambandha (continuous association) at once, of the tendencies within the Self. The very first verse makes this clear in its striking definition. The joy of being thus unitively absorbed in the Absolute is here seen to be more accentuated than in the case of Bhakti, which is in this respect a more passive or negative state, although both belong to the positive side of contemplation as a whole.
CHAPTER X.

To complete the contemplative cycle, the supreme value of release or emancipation is here the subject-matter. We find in the world many persons who claim spirituality: how are they to be classified and graded according to inner principles proper to the subject of contemplation?
Almost like a book on grammar, the Guru here excels in analysis and divides and even numbers the possible varieties of mystical and contemplative experience into various grades and sub-grades. It will be noticed that, in the higher grades, all matters of doing good in a philanthropic sense drop off, although in less perfect stages they exist, as it were, on sufferance. Piety and works have to part company somewhere, and when one is totally absorbed in unity with Brahman, the Absolute, no question of a second value outside the self can even arise. Self-realisation in the fullest sense, when a man forgets himself in the Absolute completely, is the last mark of punctuation to which this garland takes us. It catches up thereby with the very first chapter where the world is given primacy as against the Self that is given primacy in this last of all chapters. The garland thus retains its link with the beginning of the subject, and a full cycle of contemplative topics has thus been covered in a graded inner order, always under the same normative reference to the Absolute.

38. DARSANAMAALA










Don Berry




Darsanamaala, is the compilation of one hundred stanzas/ hymns explaining the foundations of the great Indian darsanas (visions).
This is written by Sree Narayana Gurudeva, in Sanskrit.
Understanding the darsanas of ancient Indian Rushies is difficult, similar is the standard of darsana maala and hence understanding the messages of darsana maala is not easy for a common man . This is translated from sanskrit by Nataraja guru English rendering done by Don Berry is given below. This may also be considered as an introduction for a non Indian about Sree Narayana Guru's writings.
Darsanas are the literature of ancient India which attempt to explain the world from what is not known and what is not seen to know and understand.
Hence the name darsana maala means the garland of visions , which is the most appropriate title. The darsana maala has been compiled in ten darsanas
Darshana mala

CHAPTER ONE

Adhyaropa Darsana / Metaphors of Creation



1


At its origin this world

existed as nothingness, dreamlike.

Thereafter the Absolute Being created

everything existent by willing.


2


At its origin this world

existed as latent function.

Thereafter the Absolute Being created everything

through his own power of MAYA,

like a magician creating an illusion.


3


At its origin this world

was latent in the Absolute Being

as a sprout is latent in a seed.

Thereafter it manifested itself of its own power.


4


This power is to be known as two kinds,

brightness and heaviness. As in the case of light and dark,

they are polar opposites,and there is no co-existence.


5


At its origin this world

was like a picture in the mind.

Thereafter the Absolute Being realized it

in all its variety, like an artist.


6


At its origin this world existed as PRAKRITI, the matrix of possibility.

Thereafter the Absolute Being worked out its powers like a Yogi.


7


When knowledge of the Absolute Self is veiled, AVIDYA (ignorance)

arises. Then the name-and-form world looms ghostlike.


8


This world is emptiness, like some ghostly city.

Thus did the Absolute Being create

this whole universe -- a marvel!


9


If this world evolved in a series of stages

from the sun, then it is not at all from the Supreme Self.

But everything was manifested at a single stroke,

of its own inner vitality, as though

the universe were waking from sleep.


10


That from which all this world

is manifested like a fig tree from a seed,

That is Brahma, That is Siva, That is Vishnu.

That is the Transcendent.

Indeed, everything is That alone.



CHAPTER TWO

Apavada Darsana / Logic of Causality



1


This world, material, non-material and spiritual,

has all come to be in and from living intelligence.

When existent, everything is Real as Being (SAT).

When non-existent, everything remains Real as Intelligence (CIT).


2


An effect cannot have existence independent of its cause.

Therefore, how can there be an origination of non-Being?

And how can there be re-absorption

of something un-originated?


3


That which is not subject to origin and re-absorption

is the transcendent Absolute alone.

The idea of origin and re-absorption as present in the Self

is the veiling effect of MAYA.


4


As the effect is non-different from its cause,

how can Being arise? And in the same way,

how can there be non-Being for the cause itself?


5


Because it is an effect, this world

does not have primary reality.

The Absolute alone, as cause, is Real.

Unclear minds mistake it as un-Real.


6


The One Alone is the Real.

Where can another exist?

If we say "in existence," it is a tautology.

If we say "in non-existence," it is a contradiction.


7


Having carefully analyzed the component parts of existence,

one sees that the whole world is not other

than the Intelligence of the Absolute.

It is as if MAYA had been banished.


8


Pure Intelligence alone shines.

There is nothing whatever beyond Pure Intelligence.

That which does not shine is un-Real,

and that which is un-Real does not shine.


9


ANANDA indeed is the Real, and nothing else.

The whole world is of the form of ANANDA.

Apart from ANANDA, nothing else exists.


10


Indeed, everything is SAT-CIT-ANANDA.

(Being, Intelligence, Value.)

There is not a trace of plurality in this.

He who sees this as if pluralistic,

goes from death to death.


CHAPTER THREE

Asatya Darsana / The Illusion of the un-Real




1


This world is all mind-maya.

But the mind is not in any specific place.

The world is seen in the Self

as the blue is seen in the sky.


2


This apparent world is an image, created in the mind

by AVIDYA, the veiling ignorance.

When this is re-absorbed by VIDYA, the clear knowledge,

it is as though the whole world were a mere configuration.


3


To a coward, the ghost looming in the darkness seems real.

To the wise man, the wakeful state is seen

as such a dream-world.


4


This world is seen as willed images.

It is seen only when willing is present,

as when a rope is mistaken for a snake.


5

There is no difference whatever

between the willed images and the mind.

That AVIDYA-darkness state (which is the mind),

is a marvel like Indra's magic.


6


To the wise man, this world shines in the Self like a mirage.

To an infant, by confusion, even a reflection

may seem real.


7


As milk remains milk even when churned,

The Absolute Self does not change into some other form.

Therefore, the whole world exists only as an image in the Self,

as if created by Indra's magic. (Indriyas = the senses.)


8


MAYA herself is the fundamental cause of the apparent world.

Everything here is only the maya-maker

creating with magical, un-Real effects.


9


To the mature mind, this universe

seems like a sky-forest mirage in the Self.

But a child sees even a puppet-form as real.


10


One alone is Real, not a second.

What is un-Real seems indeed to be Real.

But the Siva-lingam is stone only,

not a second made by the mason.


CHAPTER FOUR

Maya Darsana / Vision of Maya



1


What is not Absolute, that is MAYA.

She is the negative principle of opposites, as with the pairs

knowledge-ignorance, beyond-within, inertia-prime potency.

Thus She, of herself, arises as the many forms of Nature.


2


Before the origin of things, there was

the clay itself, the Absolute ground of Being.

Whatever is not known as the Absolute-in-itself, is MAYA,

the principle of non-Absolute possibility.


3


"The non-Self is un-Real, the Self is Real."

That is knowledge of the Real, as in recognizing

the reality of the rope through the snake appearance.


4


"The Self is un-Real, the non-Self is Real."

That is AVIDYA dominating awareness,

as in mistaking the rope for a snake.


5


That which creates the sensory system, the mind,

specific intelligence and the five vital processes

far transcends even these non-material

limbs of the Self-intelligence.


6


The Self-intelligence adopts these limbs as its own

and, by its own MAYA, imagines itself

as in pleasure or pain.

But none of this has primary Reality.


7


In the world of senses and sense-objects,

what emanates forth from the Self

is the willing-imaging self,

the basis of the material world.


8


Lack of knowledge of mother-of-pearl

is the basis for an illusion of silver in the shell.

That principle which, in the Self, is the basis

for the apparent world, is called TAMAS.


9


Because of its marvelous aspect

of containing all this universe like a tree in a seed,

(or by virtue of its importance)

the prime potent power is called PRADHANA.


10


Because the marvelous diversity of nature (PRAKRITI)

is created by the three modalities (tamas, rajas, and sattva),

She is known as PRAKRITI-TRIGUNA.

(Nature-of-the-three-modes.)


CHAPTER FIVE

Bhana Darsana / Categories of Consciousness



1


Equally present within and without,

in constant bee-like agitation,

object-consciousness is of two kinds,

the generic and the specific.


2


The basis of object-consciousness is four-fold,

consisting of: The material, the non-material,

the causal, and the fourth kind.

These names are also applicable

to the appropriate states of consciousness.


3


"I am the body. This is the pot."

What arises in awareness based on material objects

is known as STHULA, or concrete.


4


Here, the consciousness of "body" and "pot" is the specific.

The consciousness of "I" and "This" is the generic.


5


What arises in awareness based on

the senses, mind, intellect, sense-objects

and the five vital processes,

is known as SUKSMA, or subtle,

because of dependence on non-material objects.


6


"I am ignorant." This consciousness is

called KARANA, or causal (pertaining to itself.)

"I am" is the generic, "ignorant" is the specific.


7


"I am the Absolute." This is praised as TURIYA,

or consciousness of the fourth kind.

"I am" is the generic, "Absolute" the specific attribute.


8


Where there is this awareness,

there is an object-of-consciousness.

Where there is no such awareness,

there is no object-of-consciousness.

Thus, by agreement and difference, certitude arises.


9


As the eye cannot see itself, the Self cannot perceive itself.

The Self is not an object-of-consciousness.

What the Self perceives is an object-of-consciousness.


10


Whatever is an object-of-consciousness is conditional.

Whatever is not conditional

is not an object-of-consciousness.

What is conditional is un-Real.

But what is utterly unconditional, that is the Real.


AUM TAT SAT


CHAPTER SIX

Karma Darsana / The Nature of Action

1

It is the Self alone which acts.

Although it is by nature self-luminous and detached,

the Self through its power of MAYA

assumes many varied forms,

like the creative dreamer in sleep.


2

"I think, I speak, I grasp, I hear."

All such forms of action are done by the Supreme Self,

acting through the agency of the individuated self

with its intelligence, its organs of perception,

and its organs of action.

3


Before action, the Self alone exists.

There is not a trace of any "other."

Therefore, all action is accomplished by the Self alone,

through its own power of MAYA.

4

The Self has, inherent in its nature,

a certain power that is difficult to define.

By this power, the appearance of action

is projected in the actionless Self.

5


The Self is always completely unattached.

It is through lack of awareness that action

is done as though attached.

Where the Seer is aware, "It is not I who am acting,"

he remains unattached, even in action.

6

It is the One Self alone which burns as fire,

blows as the wind, supports as the earth,

and flows as the river.

7


It is the One Self alone, itself remaining actionless,

which moves upward as Prana and downward as Apana.

It is the One Self alone which

beats, murmurs and pulsates in the nerves.


8


The six changing aspects of this world

-- existence, birth, growth, transformation,

deterioriation, and extinction --

all proceed from the unchanging

Self alone, and not another.

9


In spite of actions always being self-accomplished

by mental and sensory functions,

the wise one knows,

"I am the unattached one, the rock-steady."

10

Because it is an object of experience,

even the personality-"I" is an illusory projection,

like the illusion of silver seen in mother-of-pearl.

Today and tomorrow, firmly established

above all else, One alone is.


CHAPTER SEVEN

Jnana Darsana / On Awareness

1

Awareness, though essentially one,

is known as conditioned or unconditioned.

That awareness which is free

of the ego-sense of "I am," etc.,

is the unconditioned.

2

That awareness which arises

as "I"- consciousness inside,

and "this"-ness outside

(accompanied by the corresponding

mental modulations,)

is known as the conditioned.

3

That awareness by which one experiences,

as pure witness, the non-Self

(such as the ego "I"-consciousness, etc.,)

is true Self-awareness.

The witness alone is the immortal one.

4

That awareness which is identified

with effects belonging to the non-Self

(such as the ego-"I" consciousness, etc.,)

is non-Self-awareness.

5

When things are known as they are,

(as in perceiving the truth of the rope

beneath the snake appearance,)

that awareness is meaningful.

What is otherwise is meaningless.

6


When, by mere presence alone,

everything is illuminated by itself,

that is characterized as "awareness-by-direct-perception,"

or immediate knowledge.

It is also called "inner" knowledge.

7

That form of awareness which arises

by performing mental action on the possibilities

of co-dependent phenomena,

and thus inferring their common source,

is known as inductive knowledge.

8

On going near and recognizing

according to the pattern : "This animal conforms

to the description I have heard of a cow,"

such is called awareness-by-inference,

(or analogical knowledge.)

9

Awareness characterized as "I-Mine"

is called personalized knowledge.

Awareness characterized as "This-That"

is called sensory knowledge.

10

That awareness which is verbally expressed

as AUM TAT SAT (Aum, That is the Real)

and experienced as the union of the Absolute and the Self,

empty of functions like willing --

that is known as the ultimate knowledge.


CHAPTER EIGHT

Bhakti Darsana / On Devotion



1


Bhakti is meditation on the Self,

because the Self is the source of all Value (ananda).

A knower-of-the-Self meditates

by the Self upon the Self, forever.


2


The Absolute is meditated

because the Absolute is the source of all Value.

Constant meditation on the Absolute

is thus known as Bhakti.


3


All meditate the highest Value.

No one meditates suffering.

That meditation on the highest Value

is taught as Bhakti.


4


The Self alone meditates the Absolute.

The knower-of-the-Self

meditates the Self alone, and no other.

Meditation of the Self is thus called Bhakti.


5


Value, the Self, the Absolute, are said

to be the names of the One.

He who has sure awareness of this

is called a Bhakta.


6


"I am Value. I am the Absolute. I am the Self."

He whose vital imagination

always takes such forms


is known as a Bhakta.


7


The wife does not adore only the husband,

nor the husband the wife.

It is the very form of highest Value they adore,

shining within every sense object.


8


Thus, one-who-knows sees not a trace

of anything other than

the bliss of the Self anywhere.

His is truly the highest Bhakti.


9


Where there is sympathy

toward the Father of the World, toward one's own Guru,

toward Father and Mother, toward the Fathers of Wisdom,

toward those who walk the same path ...........


10


Toward those who put down evil,

toward those who do good to all -- that also is Bhakti.

But that which pertains to the Supreme Self alone

is the ultimate Bhakti.


CHAPTER NINE

Yoga Darsana / On Yoga



1


Yoga is that form of mental restraint

which unites the personal mental faculties

with the Self-as-Intelligence.


2


As long as potentiating tendencies (vasanas) exist,

the heart should be held in that state (samadhi)

where the distinction between

the Seer, Sight, and the Seen is extinguished.

To the knower of Yoga, this is Yoga.


3


When all this world of name-and-form

is known as not other than the Absolute alone,

the mental faculties are always absorbed in the Absolute.

That also is recognized as Yoga.



4


When the modulation of the mind

flows unbrokenly, like a stream of oil,

it incessantly finds joy in the Self.

That also is remembered by Yogis as Yoga.


5


When the mind is distracted by this and that attraction,

it should always be brought back to oneness in the Self.

Let it be united in this Yoga.


6


The sources of all disasters for man are:

his willed conceptual formations, the objects of his willed desire,

and the subtle potentiating tendencies of his past,

which condition his willing. These are to be uprooted

and restrained in the Self.


7


Fundamental Reality does not reside

in the seen object as such, but in the Seer.

The Seen is the form of the Seer.

He who unites these is the superior knower of Yoga.


8


When the mind-bee, guided to the Flower of Union

by the soft winds of Yoga, drinks the honey-sweet

nectar of Self-knowledge,

it flutters no more.


9


Meditation with gaze fixed betweeen the eyebrows,

and the tongue tip touching beyond the uvula,

is the Khechari Mudra,

which has the capacity of dispelling

fatigue, sleep, and the other distractions to Yoga.


10


In this world Yoga is of two kinds:

the Yoga of Wisdom, and the Yoga of Action.

All further elaboration of Yoga is included in these.


CHAPTER TEN


Nirvana Darsana / On Nirvana

1

The state of Nirvana is of two kinds,

the pure and the impure.

That which is free of subtle

potentiating tendencies (vasanas) is the pure.

That which is qualified by such latent tendencies is the impure.

2

The pure Nirvana is also of two kinds,

the ultra-pure and the pure.

The impure state is further categorized as

the pure-impure, and the impure-impure.

3

The ultra-pure state is again subject to three grades:

the elect, the more elect, and the most elect.

The pure exists in the (simple) knower of the Absolute.

4

The pure-impure state

(though qualified by the subtle tendencies)

is free of rajas and tamas.

The impure-impure is subject to rajas and tamas.

The first is the state of one

whose goal is ultimate liberation.

The second is the state of those

who seek the various psychic powers.

5

A knower of the Absolute, firmly established in the Absolute,

having burnt up everything in the fire of wisdom,

aiming at the good of the world,

performs actions according to what is considered right.

6

The elect knower of the Absolute is one

who is firmly established in the Absolute

and who renounces all willful action.

He wanders in the world, continuing

the course of bodily life.

7

The more elect is one who knows

when prompted by others, but by himself does not know.

He always enjoys absorption in the Absolute.

8

The most elect is one who

by himself knows not,

and even when prompted by others knows not.

He is empty of all mental modulations,

and is the Absolute alone.


9

There is certainly nothing of this world

to be accepted or rejected.

As for the Self, it is self-luminous.

With this understood, one should withdraw.

Thereafter the agitations of the mind

do not repeat themselves.

10

The Absolute alone, One-without-a-second, is the Real.

There is nothing other.

In this there is no doubt.

Understanding this, the well-instructed one

withdraws from all duality.

He does not return again


The Darsana Mala, or Garland of Visions, was one of the last major works of Narayana
Guru, dictated about 1916.


ദര്‍ശനമാല
1. അദ്ധ്യാരോപദര്‍ശനം

ആസീദഗ്രേ സദേവേദം
ഭുവനം സ്വപ്നവത്പുനഃ
സസര്‍ജ സര്‍വ്വം സങ്കല്പ-
മാത്രേണ പരമേശ്വരഃ 1

വാസനാമയമേവാദാ-
വാസീദിദമഥ പ്രഭുഃ
അസൃജന്‍ മായയാ സ്വസ്യ
മായാവീവാഖിലം ജഗത് 2

പ്രാഗുത്പത്തേരിദം സ്വസ്മിന്‍
വിലീനമഥ വൈ സ്വതഃ
ബീജാദങ്കുരവദ് സ്വസ്യ
ശക്തിരേവസൃജത്സ്വയം 3

ശക്തിസ്തു ദ്വിവിധാ ജ്ഞേയാ
തൈജസീ താമസീതി ച
സഹവാസോനയോര്‍ നാസ്തി
തേജസ്തിമിരയോരിവ 4

മനോമാത്രമിദം ചിത്ര-
മിവാഗ്രേ സര്‍വ്വമീദൃശം
പ്രാപയാമാസ വൈചിത്രം
ഭഗവാംശ്ചിത്രകാരവത് 5

ആസീദ് പ്രകൃതിരേവേദം
യഥാദൗ യോഗവൈഭവഃ
വ്യതനോദഥ യോഗീവ
സിദ്ധിജാലം ജഗത്പതിഃ 6

യദാത്മവിദ്യാസങ്കോച-
സ്തദാവിദ്യാ ഭയങ്കരം
നാദരൂപാത്മനാത്യര്‍ഥം
വിഭാതീഹ പിശാചവത് 7

ഭയങ്കരമിദം ശൂന്യം
വേതാളനഗരം യഥാ
തഥൈവ വിശ്വമഖിലം
വ്യകരോദദ്ഭുതം വിഭുഃ 8

അര്‍ക്കദ്യഥാക്രമം വിശ്വം
തഥാ നൈവേദമാത്മനഃ
സുപ്തേരിവ പ്രാദുരാസീ-
ദ്യുഗപത്സ്വസ്യ വീക്ഷയാ 9

ധാനാദിവ വടോ യസ്മാത്
പ്രാദുരാസീദിദം ജഗത്
സ ബ്രഹ്മാ സ ശിവോ വിഷ്ണുഃ
സ പരഃ സര്‍വ്വ ഏവ സഃ 10

2.അപവാദദര്‍ശനം

ചൈതന്യാദാഗതം സ്ഥൂല-
സൂക്ഷ്മാത്മകമിദം ജഗത്
അസ്തി ചേത്സദ്ഘനം സര്‍വ്വം
നാസ്തി ചേദസ്തി ചിദ്ഘനം 1

അന്യന്ന കാരണാത്കാര്യ-
ദസദേതദതോഖിലം
അസതഃ കഥമുത്പത്തി-
രനുത്പന്നസ്യ കോ ലയഃ 2

യസ്യോത്പത്തിര്‍ലയോ നാസ്തി
തത്പരം ബ്രഹ്മ നേതരത്
ഉത്പത്തിശ്ച ലയോസ്തീതി
ഭ്രമത്യാത്മനി മായയാ 3

കാരണാവ്യതിരിക്തത്വാത്
കാര്യസ്യ കഥമസ്മിതാ?
ഭവത്യതഃ കാരണസ്യ
കഥമസ്തി ച നാസ്തിതാ 4

കാര്യത്വാദസതോസ്യാസ്തി
കാരണം ന ഹ്യതോ ജഗത്
ബ്രഹ്മൈവ തര്‍ഹി സദസ-
ദിതി മുഹ്യതി മന്ദധീഃ 5

ഏകസ്യൈവാസ്തി സത്താ ചേ-
ദന്യസ്യാസൗ ക്വ വിദ്യതേ?
സത്യസ്ത്യാത്മാശ്രയോ യദ്യ-
പ്യസതി സ്യാദസംഭവഃ 6

വിഭജ്യാവയവം സര്‍വ്വ-
മേകൈകം തത്ര ദൃശ്യതേ
ചിന്മാത്രമഖിലം നാന്യ-
ദിതി മായാവിദൂരഗം 7

ചിദേവ നാന്യദാഭാതി
ചിതഃ പരമതോ ന ഹി
യച്ച നാഭാതി തദസ-
ദ്യദസത്തന്ന ഭാതി ച 8

ആനന്ദ ഏവാസ്തി ഭാതി
നാന്യഃ കശ്ചിദതോഖിലം
ആനന്ദഘനമന്യന്ന
വിനാനന്ദേന വിദ്യതേ 9

സര്‍വ്വം ഹി സച്ചിദാനന്ദം
നേഹ നാനാസ്തി കിഞ്ചന
യഃ പസ്യതീഹ നാനേവ
മൃത്യോര്‍മൃത്യും സ ഗച്ഛതി 10

3. അസത്യദര്‍ശനം
മനോമയമിദം സര്‍വ്വം
ന മനഃ ക്വാപി വിദ്യതേ
അതോ വ്യോമ്നീവ നീലാദി
ദൃശ്യതേ ജഗദാത്മനി 1

മനസോനന്യയാ സര്‍വ്വം
കല്പിതേവിദ്യയാ ജഗത്
വിദ്യയാസൗ ലയം യാതി
തദാലേഖ്യമിവാഖിലം 2

വിജൃംഭതേ യത്തമസോ
ഭീരോരിവ പിശാചവത്
തദിദം ജാഗ്രതി സ്വപ്ന-
ലോകവദ് ദൃശ്യതേ ബുധൈഃ 3

സങ്കല്പകല്പിതം ദൃശ്യം
സങ്കല്പോ യത്ര വിദ്യതേ
ദൃശ്യം തത്ര ച നാന്യത്ര
കുത്രചിദ്രജ്ജുസര്‍പ്പവത് 4

സങ്കല്പമനസോ കശ്ചി-
ന്നഹി ഭേദോ‍സ്തി യന്‍മനഃ
തദവിദ്യാതമഃ പ്രഖ്യ-
മിന്ദ്രജാലമിവാദ്ഭുതം 5

മരീചികാവത് പ്രാജ്ഞസ്യ
ജഗദാത്മനി ഭാസതേ
ബാലസ്യ സത്യമിതി ച
പ്രതിബിംബേരിവ ഭ്രമാത് 6

ആത്മാ ന ക്ഷീരവദ്യാതി
രൂപാന്തരമതോഖിലം;
വിവര്‍ത്തമിന്ദ്രജാലേന
വിദ്യതേ നിര്‍മ്മിതം യഥാ 7

മായൈവ ജഗതാമാദി-
കാരണം നിര്‍മ്മിതം തയാ
സര്‍വ്വം ഹി മായിനോ നാന്യ-
ദസത്യം സിദ്ധിജാലവത് 8

വിഭാതി വിശ്വം വൃദ്ധസ്യ
വിയദ്വനമിവാത്മനി
അസത്യം പുത്രികാരൂപം
ബാലസ്യേവ വിപര്യയഃ 9

ഏകം സത്യം ന ദ്വിതീയം
ഹ്യസത്യം ഭാതി സത്യവത്
ശിലൈവ ശിവലിംഗം ന
ദ്വിതീയം ശില്പിനാ കൃതം 10

4. മായാദര്‍ശനം

ന വിദ്യതേ യാ സാ മായാ
വിദ്യാവിദ്യാ പരാപരാ
തമഃ പ്രധാനം പ്രകൃതിര്‍ -
ബഹുധാ സൈവ ഭാസതേ 1

പ്രാഗുത്പത്തേര്‍യഥാ ഭാവോ
മൃദേവ ബ്രഹ്മണം പൃഥക്
ന വിദ്യതേ ബ്രഹ്മ ഹി യാ
സാ മായാऽമേയവൈഭവാ 2

അനാത്മാ ന സദാത്മാ സ-
ദിതി വിദ്യോതതേ യയാ
സാ വിദ്യേയം യഥാ രജ്ജു-
സര്‍പ്പതത്ത്വാവധാരണം 3

ആത്മാ ന സദനാത്മാ സ-
ദിതി വിദ്യോതതെ യയാ
സൈവാവിദ്യാ യഥ രജ്ജു-
സര്‍പ്പയോരയഥാര്‍ത്ഥദൃക് 4

ഇന്ദ്രിയാണി മനോബുദ്ധീ
പഞ്ചപ്രാണാദയോ യയാ
വിസൃജ്യന്തേ സൈവ പരാ
സൂക്ഷ്മാംഗാനി ചിദാത്മനഃ 5

അംഗാനേതാനവഷ്ടഭ്യ
സുഖീ ദുഃഖീവ മുഹ്യതി
ചിദാത്മാ മായയാ സ്വസ്യ
തത്ത്വതോऽസ്തി ന കിഞ്ചന 6

ഇന്ദ്രിയാണാം ഹി വിഷയഃ
പ്രപഞ്ചോऽയം വിസൃജ്യതേ
യയാ സൈവാऽപരാऽദ്ധ്യാത്മ-
സ്ഥൂലസങ്കല്പനാമയീ 7

സുക്തികായാം യഥാ ജ്ഞാനം
രജതസ്യ യദാത്മനി
കല്പിതസ്യ നിദാനം ത-
ത്തമ ഇത്യവഗമ്യതേ 8

ധീയതേऽസ്മിന്‍ പ്രകര്‍ഷേണ
ബീജേ വൃക്ഷ ഇവാഖിലം
അതഃ പ്രാധാന്യതോ വാऽസ്യ
പ്രധാനമിതി കഥ്യതേ 9

കരോതീതി പ്രകര്‍ഷേണ
പ്രകൃത്യൈവ ഗുണാന്‍ പൃഥക്
നിഗദ്യതേऽസൗ പ്രകൃതി-
രിതീഹ ത്രിഗുണാത്മികാ 10

5. ഭാനദര്‍ശനം

അന്തര്‍ബഹിര്‍വദാസീനം
സദാ ഭ്രമരചഞ്ചലം
ഭാനം ദ്വിധൈവ സാമാന്യം
വിശേഷ ഇതി ഭിദ്യതേ 1

സ്ഥൂലം സൂക്ഷ്മം കാരണം ച
തുര്യം ചേതി ചതുര്‍വിധം
ഭാനാശ്യയം ഹി തന്നാമ
ഭാനസ്യാപ്യുപചര്യതേ 2

ദൃശ്യതാമിഹ കായോऽഹം
ഘടോऽയമിതി ദൃശ്യതേ
സ്ഥൂലമാശ്രിത്യ യദ്ഭാനം
സ്ഥൂലം തദിതി മന്യതേ 3

അത്ര കായോ ഘട ഇതി
ഭാനം യത്തദ്വിശിഷ്യതേ
തഥാ‍ഹമയമിതി യത്
സാമാന്യമിതി ച സ്മൃതം 4

ഇന്ദ്രിയാണി മനോ ബുദ്ധീ
വിഷയാഃ പഞ്ചാവയവഃ
ഭാസ്യന്തേ യേന തത്സൂക്ഷ്മ-
മസ്യ സൂക്ഷ്മാശ്രയത്വതഃ 5

അജ്ഞോऽഹമിതി യദ്ഭാനം
തത്കാരണമുദാഹൃതം
അത്രാഹമിതി സാമാന്യം
വിശേഷോऽജ്ഞ് ഇതി സ്ഫുരത് 6

അഹം ബ്രഹ്മേതി യദ്ഭാനം
തത്തുര്യമിതി ശംസ്യതേ
സാമാന്യമഹമിത്യംശോ
ബ്രഹ്മേത്യത്ര വിശിഷ്യതേ 7

യത്ര ഭാനം തത്ര ഭാസ്യം
ഭാനം യത്ര ന തത്ര ന
ഭാസ്യമിത്യന്വയേനാപി
വ്യതിരേകേണ ബോധ്യതേ 8

യഥാ ദൃഗ്‌ദൃശമാത്മാനം
സ്വയമാത്മാ ന പശ്യതി
അതോ ന ഭാസ്യതേ ഹ്യാത്മാ
യം പശ്യതി സ ഭാസ്യതേ 9

യദ്ഭാസ്യതേ തദധ്യസ്ത-
മനധ്യസ്തം ന ഭാസ്യതേ
യദധ്യസ്തം തദസദ-
പ്യനധ്യസ്തം സദേവ തത് 10

6. കര്‍മ്മദര്‍ശനം

ആത്മൈവ മായയാ കര്‍മ്മ
കരോതി ബഹുരൂപധൃക്
അസംഗഃ സ്വപ്രകാശോऽപി
നിദ്രായാമിവ തൈജസഃ 1

മന്യേ വദാമി ഗൃഹ്ണാമി
ശൃണോമിത്യാദി രൂപതഃ
ക്രിയതേ കര്‍മ്മ പരമാ-
ത്മനാ ചിത്തേന്ദ്രിയാത്മനാ 2

ആത്മൈവ കര്‍മ്മണഃ പൂര്‍വ്വ-
മന്യത് കിഞ്ചിന്ന വിദ്യതേ
തതഃ സ്വേനൈവ കര്‍മ്മാണി
ക്രിയന്തേ നിജമായയാ 3

ശക്തിരസ്ത്യാത്മനഃ കാചി-
ദ്ദുര്‍ഘടാ ന പൃഥക് സ്വതഃ
തയൈവാരോപ്യതേ കര്‍മ്മ
നിഖിലം നിഷ്ക്രിയാത്മനി 4

സര്‍വ്വോऽസംഗ ഏവാത്മാ-
ജ്ഞതയാ കര്‍മ്മ സംഗിവത്
കരോതി ന കരോമീതി
ന ജ്ഞഃ കര്‍മ്മസ്യ സജ്ജതേ 5

ജ്വലതി ജ്വലനോ വായുര്‍-
വാതി വര്‍ഷതി വാരിദഃ
ധരാത്മാ സന്‍ ധരതി ഖ-
ല്വേകോ വഹതി വാഹിനീ 6

ഊര്‍ദ്ധ്വം പ്രാണോ ഹ്യധോऽപാനഃ
ഖല്വോകോ യാതി നിഷ്ക്രിയഃ
നാഡ്യന്തരാളേ ധമതി
ക്രന്ദതി സ്പന്ദതി സ്ഥിതഃ 7

അസ്തിജന്മര്‍ദ്ധിപരിണ-
ത്യപക്ഷയവിനാശനം
ഷഡ്ഭാവമിഹ യോ യാതി
സ നാന്യോऽവിക്രിയാത്മനഃ 8

സ്വയം ക്രിയന്തേ കര്‍മ്മാണി
കരണൈരിന്ദ്രിയൈരപി
അഹം ത്വസംഗഃ കൂടസ്ഥ
ഇതി ജാനാതി കോവിദഃ 9

ദൃശ്യത്വാദ് ഭാസ്യമഹമ-
പ്യതോऽഹം ശുക്തിരംഗവത്
അധ്യസ്തമേക ഏവാദ്യ
ശ്വോऽപി സര്‍വ്വോപരി സ്ഥിതഃ 10

7.ജ്ഞാനദര്‍ശനം
ജ്ഞാനമേകം ഹി നിരുപാ-
ധികം സോപധികം ച തത്
അഹങ്കാരാദിഹീനം യജ്-
ജ്ഞാനം തന്നിരുപാധികം 1

അഹന്തയാന്തര്‍ബഹിര -
സ്തി യദേവമിദന്തയാ
ഭാനവൃത്ത്യാ‍നിയതം യത്തു
ജ്ഞാനം സോപാധികം മതം 2

അനാത്മനാമാഹങ്കാരാ-
ദീനാം യേനാനുഭൂയതേ
സാക്ഷീ തദാത്മജ്ഞാനം സ്യാ-
ദ്യേനൈവാമൃതമശ്നുതേ 3

അഹങ്കാരാദി കാര്യം യ-
ദനാത്മകമസംഖ്യകം
യേനാവഗമ്യതേऽനാത്മ-
ജ്ഞാനം തദവധാര്യതേ 4

യഥാവദ്വസ്തുവിജ്ഞാനം
രജ്ജുതത്ത്വാവബോധവത്
യത്തദ്യഥാര്‍ഥവിജ്ഞാന-
മയഥാര്‍ത്ഥമതോऽന്യഥാ 5

യത്സാന്നിദ്ധ്യാദേവ സര്‍വ്വം
ഭാസതേ സ്വയമേവ തത്
പ്രത്യക്ഷജ്ഞാനമിതി ചാ-
പരോക്ഷമിതി ലക്ഷ്യതേ 6

യയാനുऽസാധകം സാധ്യം
മീയതേ ജ്ഞാനരൂപയാ
വൃത്ത്യാ സാനുമിതി സാഹ-
ചര്യസംസ്കാരജന്യയാ 7

ഗത്വാ സമീപം മേയസ്യ
മീയതേ ശ്രുതലക്ഷണഃ
യയാ സംവിത് സോപമിതിര്‍-
മൃഗോऽയമിതി രൂപയാ 8

അഹം മമേതി ജ്ഞാനം യ-
ദിദം തദിതി യച്ച തത്
ജീവജ്ഞാനം തദപര-
മിന്ദ്രിയജ്ഞാനമിഷ്യതേ 9

ഓം തത്‌ സദിതി നിര്‍ദ്ദിഷ്ടം
ബ്രഹ്മാത്മൈക്യമുപാഗതം
കല്പനാദിവിഹീനം യ-
ത്തദ് പരജ്ഞാനമീര്യതേ 10

8. ഭക്തിദര്‍ശനം

ഭക്തിരാത്മാനുസന്ധാന-
മാത്മാऽനന്ദഘനോ യതഃ
ആത്മാനമനുസന്ധത്തേ
സദൈവാത്മവിദാത്മനാ 1

അനുസന്ധീയതേ ബ്രഹ്മ
ബ്രഹ്മാനന്ദഘനം യതഃ
സദാ ബ്രഹ്മാനുസന്ധാനം
ഭക്തിരിത്യഭീദീയതേ 2

ആദന്ദമേവ ധ്യായന്തി
സര്‍വ്വേ ദുഃഖം ന കശ്ചന
യദാനന്ദപരം ധ്യാനം
ഭക്തിരിത്യുപദിശ്യതേ 3

ആത്മൈവ ബ്രഹ്മ ഭജതി
നാന്യമാത്മാനമാത്മവിത്
ഭജതീതി യദാത്മാനം
ഭക്തിരിത്യഭിധീയതേ 4

ആനന്ദ ആത്മാ ബ്രഹ്മേതി
നാമൈതസ്യൈവ തന്യതേ
ഇതി നിശ്ചിതധീര്‍ യസ്യ
സ ഭക്ത ഇതി വിശ്രുതഃ 5

ആനന്ദോ‍ഹമഹം ബ്രഹ്മ-
ത്മാ‍ഹമസ്മീതി രൂപതഃ
ഭാവനാ സതതം യസ്യ
സ ഭക്ത ഇതി വിശ്രുതഃ 6

ഭാര്യാ ഭജതി ഭര്‍ത്താരം
ഭര്‍ത്താ ഭാര്യാം ന കേവലം
സ്വാനന്ദമേവ ഭജതി
സര്‍വ്വോऽപി വിഷയസ്ഥിതം 7

ഏവം പശ്യതി കുത്രാപി
വിദ്വാനാത്മസുഖം വിനാ
ന കിഞ്ചിദപരം തസ്യ
ഭക്തിരേവ ഗരീയസീ 8

ലോകസ്യ പിതരി സ്വസ്യ
ഗുരൗ പിതരി മാതരി
സത്യസ്യ സ്ഥാപിതരി ച
തത്പഥേനൈവ യാതരി 9

നിയന്തരി നിഷിദ്ധസ്യ
സര്‍വ്വേഷാം ഹിതകര്‍ത്തരി
യോऽനുരാഗോ ഭക്തിരത്ര
സാ പരാ പരമാത്മനി 10

9. യോഗദര്‍ശനം

സതതം യോജയതി യ-
ദ്യുനക്തി ച ചിദാത്മനി
മനോനിരോധരൂപോऽയം
സ യോഗ ഇതി ശംസിതഃ 1

ന ദ്രഷ്ടാ ദര്‍ശനം ദൃശ്യം
വിദ്യതേ യത്ര തത്ര ഹൃത്
യോജയദ്വാസനാ യാവ-
ദ്യോഗോऽയമിതി യോഗവിത് 2

നാമരൂപമിദം സര്‍വ്വം
ബ്രഹമൈവേതി വിലീയതേ
യദ്ബ്രഹ്മണി മനോ നിത്യം
സ യോഗ ഇതി നിശ്ചിതഃ 3

ചിത്തസ്യ തൈലധാരാവ-
ദ്വൃത്ത്യാऽऽവിച്ഛിന്നയാऽऽത്മനി
നിരന്തരം രമ്യതേ യത്
സ യോഗോ യോഗിഭിഃ സ്മൃതഃ 4

യതോ യതോ മനോ യാതി
സദാऽऽത്മനി തതസ്തതഃ
നിയമ്യ യോജയേദേത-
ദ്യോഗോऽയം യുജ്യതാമിഹ 5

സര്‍വ്വാനര്‍ഥകരഃ പുംസാം
സങ്കല്പഃ കല്പിതൈഃ സഹ
ഉന്‍മൂല്യ വാസനാജാലൈര്‍ -
യേനാത്മനി നിരുധ്യതേ 6

ദൃശ്യസ്യ ന ദൃശോऽസ്തിത്വ-
മതോ ദൃശ്യം ദൃഗാത്മകം
ഇതി യുഞ്ജീത ദൃഗ്‌രൂപേ
യഃ സ യോഗവിദാം വരഃ 7

യദാ പിബന്‍ മനോഭൃംഗഃ
സ്വാനന്ദമധുമാധുരീം
ന സ്പന്ദതി വശീകൃത്യ
യോജിതോ യോഗവായുനാ 8

ധ്യാനമന്തര്‍ഭ്രുവോര്‍ദൃഷ്ടിര്‍ -
ജിഹ്വാഗ്രം ലംബികോര്‍ദ്ധ്വതഃ
യദാ സ്യാത് ഖേചരീമുദ്രാ
നിദ്രാലസ്യാദിനാശിനീ 9

ജ്ഞാനം കര്‍മ്മേതി ലോകേऽസ്മിന്‍
ദ്വിധാ യോഗഃ സമാസതഃ
അനയോര്‍യോഗവിസ്താരഃ
സര്‍വ്വഃ പരിസമാപ്യതേ 10

10. നിര്‍വ്വാണദര്‍ശനം

നിര്‍വ്വാണം ദ്വിവിധം ശുദ്ധ-
മശുദ്ധം ചേതി തത്ര യത്
ശുദ്ധം നിര്‍വ്വാസനമ് തദ്വ-
ദശുദ്ധം വാസനാന്വിതം 1

അതിശുദ്ധം ശുദ്ധമിതി
ശുദ്ധം ച ദ്വിവിധം തഥാ
അശുദ്ധശുദ്ധം ചാശുദ്ധ-
മശുദ്ധാശുദ്ധമുച്യതേ 2

അതിശുദ്ധം ത്രിധാ പശ്ചാ-
ദ്വരേ ചൈകം വരീയസി
ഏമകേകം വരിഷ്ഠേऽഥ
ശുദ്ധം ബഹ്മവിദി സ്ഥിതം 3

അശുദ്ധശുദ്ധം വിരജ-
സ്തമോऽന്യത് സരജസ്തമഃ
മുമുക്ഷൗ പ്രഥമം വിദ്യാദ്
ദ്വിതീയം സിദ്ധികാമിഷു 4

ദഗ്ധ്വാ ജ്ഞാനാഗ്നിനാ സര്‍വ്വ-
മുദ്ദിശ്യ ജഗതാം ഹിതം
കരോതി വിധിവത് കര്‍മ്മ
ബ്രഹ്മവിദ് ബ്രഹ്മണി സ്ഥിതഃ 5

സന്യസ്യ സര്‍വ്വകര്‍മ്മാണി
സതതം ബ്രഹ്മനിഷ്ഠയാ
യശ്ചരത്യവനൗ ദേഹ-
യാത്രായൈ ബ്രഹ്മവിദ്വരഃ 6

അന്യേന വേദിതോ വേത്തി
ന വേത്തി സ്വയമേവ യഃ
സ വരീയാന്‍ സദാ ബ്രഹ്മ-
നിര്‍വ്വാണമയമശ്നുതേ 7

സ്വയം ന വേത്തി കിഞ്ചിന്ന
വേദിതോऽപി തഥൈവ യഃ
സ വരിഷ്ഠഃ സദാ വൃത്തി-
ശൂന്യോऽയം ബ്രഹ്മ കേവലം 8

ഹേയോപാദേയതാ ന ഹ്യ്-
സ്യാത്മാ വാ സ്വപ്രകാശകഃ
ഇതി മത്വാ നിവര്‍ത്തേത
വൃത്തിര്‍നാവര്‍ത്തതേ പുനഃ 9

ഏകമേവാദ്വിതീയം ബ്ര-
ഹ്മാസ്തി നാന്യന്ന സംശയഃ
ഇതി വിദ്വാന്‍ നിവര്‍ത്തേത
ദ്വൈതാന്നാവര്‍ത്തതേ പുനഃ 10